Belajar Agar Berkembang: Oktober 2024

Sabtu, 05 Oktober 2024

What is a Raspberry Pi HAT? What is it Used for?

When you first get your Raspberry Pi, you essentially have a powerful little computer with the basics needed to operate.

But what if you want to expand its potential?

That’s where HATs come in.

What's a HAT?

HAT stands for Hardware Attached on Top, and it's an add-on board designed to sit perfectly on top of your Raspberry Pi.

HATs provide a neat, standardized way to expand your Raspberry Pi’s capabilities with things like displays, sensors, audio controllers, and even NVMe storage on Pi 5.

They were created to solve that problem by offering a standardized solution that makes hardware tinkering as accessible as software development. Think of them as equivalent to browser plugins or GNOME extensions.

The introduction of HATs allowed people to focus more on the fun part like building projects, rather than spending time on tedious setups.

You want to use Pi as NAS? Get a SATA HAT and focus on getting your NAS ready instead of figuring out how you will connect four SATA HDDs to the Pi.

We reviewed a Raspberry Pi-based dog kit earlier. That, too, was using a custom HAT developed by the kit maker.

Raspberry Pi HATs are also electrically safe, meaning they come with an EEPROM chip that tells your Pi what hardware is connected, reducing the chances of frying your board accidentally.

Assembly?

Putting your HAT on your Raspberry Pi is as easy as pie! ;)

Just align the pins on the HAT with the ones on your Pi, gently press them together, and that's it! It's like snapping a puzzle piece into place.

No soldering or complicated wiring required. Once it's connected, your Pi will automatically recognize the HAT and you're ready to start exploring its new functionalities.

Official Raspberry Pi HATs

Here are a few HATs Raspberry Pi have launched:

Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+

The Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+ allows you to connect M.2 peripherals like NVMe drives and AI accelerators to your Raspberry Pi 5.

This enables fast data transfer speeds of up to 500 MB/s. It supports devices with the M key edge connector in the 2230 and 2242 form factors.

The HAT can provide up to 3A of power to connected devices. It is auto detected by the latest Raspberry Pi software/firmware and can be easily installed using the provided stacking header and threaded spacers.

PoE+ HAT

The Raspberry Pi PoE HAT enables your Raspberry Pi to receive power through its Ethernet port, eliminating the need for a separate power supply.

It is compatible with Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 3B+. You'll need a PoE+ power-sourcing equipment to use this HAT.

📋

While there isn't an official Raspberry Pi PoE HAT for the Raspberry Pi 5 yet, you might consider the Waveshare PoE HAT as a potential alternative.

Sense HAT

The Sense HAT is an add-on board that provides your Raspberry Pi with sensors for monitoring pressure, humidity, temperature, color, orientation, and movement.

It also features an LED matrix for visualizing data and a joystick for user interaction.

Raspberry Pi DAC+

The Raspberry Pi DAC+ is a high-quality audio HAT that connects directly to your Raspberry Pi's GPIO header.

It provides stereo analog audio output and is compatible with all Raspberry Pi models with a 40-pin GPIO header.

Unofficial Raspberry Pi HATs

Let me list some other HATs that are not developed by Raspberry Pi but you can use them with your Pi devices.

Inventor HAT Mini

Inventor HAT Mini is a versatile expansion board for your Raspberry Pi. It simplifies the process of adding motors, servos, sensors, and LEDs to your projects.

With its pre-soldered headers, Qw/ST connector, and Python library, you can quickly and easily create interactive and engaging projects.

Whether you're building a robot, a kinetic sculpture, or a custom automation, Inventor HAT Mini provides the necessary tools to bring your ideas to life.

Picade X HAT USB-C

It transforms your Raspberry Pi into a retro gaming console. With built-in joystick and button inputs, a 3W I2S DAC/amplifier, and a soft power switch, it's the perfect solution for DIY arcade cabinet builds.

It's Raspberry Pi 4 and features a convenient USB-C power connector.

Simply plug in your power supply, connect your controls, and install our driver to start enjoying classic games on your Raspberry Pi.

Adafruit BrainCraft HAT - Machine Learning for Raspberry Pi 4

The BrainCraft HAT for Raspberry Pi is designed for building edge-based machine learning projects with microcontrollers and microcomputers.

It features a 240×240 TFT IPS display for inference results, a camera connector for imaging projects, dual microphones, stereo audio output, and a joystick for input control.

With its DotStar RGB LEDs, STEMMA connectors for servos or NeoPixels, and a fan for cooling during intensive tasks, it's ideal for audio/video AI projects.

Google Voice Kit (V1)

The Google Voice Kit v1 allows you to create a natural language recognizer and connect it to Google Assistant using the AIY Projects voice kit.

With this kit, you can add custom question-and-answer interactions alongside everything Google Assistant already offers, all packed into a neat cardboard cube powered by Raspberry Pi.

The kit includes a Voice HAT board, a microphone board, a speaker, an arcade-style push button, and essential cables, making it easy to build your own voice-controlled assistant.

If you don't have the kit, you can still integrate Google Assistant using the official SDK.

Cooling HAT with OLED Display

Available for Pi 4 and Pi 3, this cooling fan HAT comes with OLED display to show the CPU and RAM usage and CPU temperature. This increases the usability in my opinion.

Cooling HAT with OLED display

More than just a HAT. Pironman is an awe-inspiring case of your Raspberry Pi. You get NVMe SSD slot, proper HDMI slots and more.

Pironman 5 Case With Tower Cooler and Fan

This dope Raspberry Pi 5 case has a tower cooler and dual RGB fans to keep the device cool. It also extends your Pi 5 with M.2 SSD slot and 2 standard HDMI ports.

Explore Pironman 5

Final Thoughts

HATs are a fantastic way to expand your Raspberry Pi's capabilities, but they're not a one-size-fits-all solution.

Before adding a HAT to your setup, carefully consider your project's specific requirements, the compatibility of the HAT with your Pi model, and the potential trade-offs in terms of power consumption and physical size.

The possibilities are endless with HATs. So, what will you create next?

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Jumat, 04 Oktober 2024

Tips and Tweaks for Handling Message Threads in Thunderbird

Starting with version 102, Thunderbird offers Message Threading as a feature to solve this issue.

In Message Threading, the individual conversations will be arranged in a tree-like structure. So, for a particular sender, you can view the messages and replies under one big conversation thread.

Here is a list of uses of the Message Threading view.

Organize the conversation.
Easy to access all messages of a conversation.
Easy to delete a whole conversation in one go.
Never miss a message in a particular conversation.
Ignore a thread, which will hide it and disable notification for new replies.
Ignore a sub-thread, thereby ignoring replied from selected message onwards.

In this tutorial, I'll share some tips and tweaks on message threads in Thunderbird.

Enable and disable message threading for a folder

As said earlier, from version 102 onwards, Thunderbird enables message threading by default. If that is not the case for you, let's see how to enable it.

Click on the Message list display option button on the top bar of Thunderbird.

Go to Sort By → Threaded.

The effect would be like this:

As you can see in the screenshot above, I have enabled threaded view in the Inbox folder. Now, what if you want to manage the thread view in a separate folder?

Let's say you have a filter to move all messages from a particular sender to a dedicated folder called Personal Messages. Select that folder from the sidebar and repeat the previous step.

That is, Message List button → Sort By -→Threaded.

This will enable the threaded view for that folder.

Disable threading

To disable the threading view for the current folder, select the folder of your choice and then do Message list options button → Sort By → Unthreaded.

Enable and disable message threading for multiple folders

As you can see above, you can change the per-folder threading view in Thunderbird. Now, at times, it will be beneficial to apply the threading view settings to multiple folders on the go.

This is possible in Thunderbird.

Enable table view in Thunderbird

For this, first, you need to be on the Table view. Click on the Message list display options button and select the Table View.

Now, you will get the Table view with some default columns.

Enable and disable message threading in the folder

You first need to apply the threading settings to the current folder. To toggle on or off threading, you can use the regular Message list button → Sort By → Threaded.

But in this view, there is a catch. You can toggle the message view easily by clicking on the Toggle message thread button on the far-left column.

Apply threading to folders

In the table view, click on the Select columns to display button (far-right of the column header). Select Apply current view to option and hover over Folders.

On the Folders option, select your mail account and then select the folder to which you want to apply the view.

This will ask for a confirmation. Click OK to apply.

The view will be applied to your selected folder.

Apply to folders and subfolders

Do you have a bunch of folders and subfolders and want to change to threaded view? It is possible in Thunderbird.

Set the thread view enabled/disabled on a folder, as we saw in the above section. Now, click on Select columns to display → Apply current view to.

Now, instead of folders, select Folder and its children option. Go to your account and then select the parent folder to which you want to apply the view.

This will ask for your permission to apply the view to the folder and its sub-folders or children.

Give permission by clicking on the OK button.

That's it. You have applied it successfully.

💡

This way, you can apply a view setting to an entire email account as well.

Changing the default thread view

In Thunderbird, you can force the newly created folders to follow either Threaded or Unthreaded. This way, you can keep the view for existing folders and change the view for new folders.

To do this, click on the top-right hamburger menu and then select Settings.

Go to the General tab, scroll down to the bottom, and select Config Editor option.

On the search bar, search for mailnews.default_view_flags. Then click on the editor button as shown below.

Here, value 0 means Unthreaded and a value 1 means Threaded view.

As you can see in the above screenshot, this is 1 by default. Let's change it to 0 so that new folders will follow an Unthreaded view. Click on the Tick button to apply the change.

To reset it to default (1), just press the reset button adjacent to the flag.

Working with threads

You have seen several ways you can toggle the thread view in Thunderbird. Now, let's see some common uses of threads in Thunderbird.

Ignore a thread

You can ignore a particular thread so that it will be hidden from view. Further notifications for replies in that thread will be disabled for you.

Right-click on a message thread and select Threads → Ignore Thread.

That's it. The thread will disappear from your view.

To view the ignored threads, first press the ALT key on your keyboard to make the main menu appear. Now, from the main menu, select View → Threads → Ignored Threads.

Now, you will be able to see the ignored message on the selected folder, with a small red minus sign on the left side. When hovered over, it will say “This thread message is ignored”.

💡

Right-click on an ignored message and then unchecking Ignore Thread will remove the ignore of that thread.

Ignore a subthread

Ignoring a subthread means you can ignore further notifications for replies from a selected message onwards. This is good, especially when a conversation goes out of hand and you don't want to continue it in any way.

Expand the threaded message and then select a message from where you want to ignore.

You can view the ignored threads by using the method mentioned in the previous section.

Wrapping Up

Thunderbird is the most prominent and well-maintained email client available for Linux. It offers numerous customization options that can only be explored and experimented with.

We hope to bring you more such feature discovery in your favorite open source software. Suggestions are welcome 😄

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Rabu, 02 Oktober 2024

FOSS Weekly #24.40: Deprecated Commands, SSD Temp, Aria2App, Spotify Customization and More Linux Stuff

Hacktoberfest is here and so is the time to contribute to open source projects. This guide will help you understand the importance of Hacktoberfest and how you can also give back to the community.

💬 Let's see what else you get in this edition

FreeBSD making big strides.
A new open-source AI model family.
Two popular privacy FOSS projects merging.
Arch Linux partnering with a well-known name.
And other Linux news, videos and, of course, memes!
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📰 Linux News

Brave browser has incorporated running local AI into the application.
The Tails and Tor Project have teamed up in a bid to streamline resources.
Linux Mint's new default Cinnamon theme looks like a much-needed revamp.
Arch Linux has entered into a collaboration with Valve for accomplishing some critical development tasks.
Molmo is a new family of open-source AI models that has beaten many proprietary options in benchmarks.
FreeBSD is going all in with a new initiative, set to focus on laptop users, both casual and corporate.

🧠 What We’re Thinking About

Can you get a million dollars in funding for cloning open source projects? Apparently, yes.

The brain behind Archcraft, Aditya Shakya, shared some interesting insights with us in a recent interview.

🛍️Deal You May Like

Learn the skills you need to become a pro on Raspberry Pi and explore the world of retro gaming with this expansive bundle. Purchase the bundle and support the Raspberry Pi Foundation!

🧮 Linux Tips, Tutorials and More

Checking the temperature of an NVMe SSD is easy.
Having icon size issues on Linux Mint? You can enable fractional scaling to fix that.
Learn about some of the popular Linux commands that are being deprecated.
If you dual boot Windows and Linux, it's time to fix the time zone issue (pun intended)

Spice up your Spotify experience on Ubuntu with Spicetify. It lets you install themes and extensions to customize the Spotify app's user experience.

👷 Maker's Corner

Monitoring a network using a TP-Link WN722N is fun.

Deploying LLMs with llamafile is a breeze!

📹 Videos We are Creating for You

Let me share how I made my 4K monitor look better with Raspberry Pi 5.

Subscribe to It's FOSS YouTube Channel

✨ Apps of the Week

Audacious is a no-nonsense music player for Linux that you should check out.

Downloading files on Android made better with Aria2App.

🧩 Quiz Time

How much do you know about Linux automation? This quiz will jog your memory:

💡 Quick Handy Tip

On the Nautilus file manager, you can undo an action like “Move to Trash”, “Copy”, etc. For doing this, simply click on the three-ribbon button and select “Undo Move”.

You can also use the keyboard shortcut “CTRL+Z” to do the same. To redo the undone action, use the shortcut “SHIFT + CTRL + Z”. Remember, you cannot undo if you deleted a file permanently.

🤣 Meme of the Week

That means you too! Hello friend. 🤗

🗓️ Tech Trivia

The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC for short, was taken offline after eleven years of calculating and processing programs.

🧑‍🤝‍🧑 FOSSverse Corner

An interesting thread on Linux by one of our regular FOSSers.

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